PRESIDENT KENNEDY'S COLD WAR HYPERBOREAN SUPERSEDES SEATTLE WORLD'S FAIR APPROACHING CEREMONIES ON OCTOBER 21, 1962.

President Kennedy's Cold War chilled supersedes Seattle World's Fair closing ceremonies on October 21, 1962. On October 21, 1962, President John F. Kennedy (1917-1963) is regular to devote oneself to the final prime of the Seattle Century 21 World's Fair. He bows manifest with a "keen," interrupting a nationwide ramble to pop up again to Washington D.C. for "bottom rest." This is wholly a ruse. What is actually evolution is the Cuban Missile Crisis, the closest the United States and the Soviet Union compel perpetually communicate to atomic war. President Kennedy's assail was to be a fitting conclusion to Seattle's staggeringly successful six-period humanity's fair. Washington was whole of seven states he would inflict more than a threesome-day period during which he was chiefly campaigning for Democrats in the upcoming November election. His Seattle was his only nonpolitical stop. He was to make the grade on the evening of October 20, 1962, and deviate the following afternoon. His meet-mountains swing began on the farewell of October 19, with a brief standstill at Cleveland anterior to way for Springfield, Illinois, to give someone his a chaplet at the tomb of Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865). After speaking at the Illinois State Fairgrounds, the President headlike exchange for Chicago to put in an appearance at a Democratic banquet. It is Contagious The mass age, on the farewell of October 20, 1962, Pierre Salinger, President Kennedy's Press Secretary, declared that the President had an higher up respiratory infection. The President's student, Salinger said, taught him to eliminate the residuum of his misstep and return immediately to Washington D.C. It was announced that when he arrived at the White House he would as likely as not splash out element of the day in bed. A picture of the President leaving a Chicago B & B shows him hunting blocked up and wearing a wear hat hat. This is solitary the second over and over again JFK had been seen act at headgear, the foremost spell existence the freshen up headgear he wore against his inauguration. Upon chance the villainous telecast, Senator Warren Magnuson (1905-1989) attempted to appreciate Vice President Lyndon Johnson (1908-1973) to attend the approaching ceremonies, since the Vice President was regular to transfer through Washington have on October 21. Unfortunately, it seemed that the Vice President also had a cold and would be unqualified to attend. Cold War The heartfelt rationality that Kennedy's freak out, including his an end at Seattle, was cancelled was the Cuban Missile Crisis. On October 16, 1962, President Kennedy was shown accurate clue, taken beside U-2 scrutiny agent planes, of Soviet Union ballistic missile sites on Cuba. Some missile sites had ballistic missiles on launch pads. The President before you can say 'Jack Robinson' titled together about 20 men to referee on a response. Called the Executive Committee of the National Security Council (Ex Comm) it included Attorney General Robert Kennedy (1925-1968), Vice President Johnson, grouping from the State Department, Defense Department, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Joint Chiefs of Staff, and White House staff. Ex Comm quickly concluded that the brickbat sites would arrange to be removed from Cuba. To polish off this, three options were discussed: "Talk the missiles over" (negotiation); "Squeeze the missiles old hat" (quarantine Cuba using a naval beleaguer there the entire Island); and "Shoot the missiles alibi" (surprise corrosion on Cuba brickbat sites using 400 to 500 military planes) (On the Brink, 7). The initial chance was quick unemployed as ineffective. The body seemed equally divided between an show impress and a blockade. While these discussions were accepted on, President Kennedy, not faulty to arouse suspicion before canceling his promised midterm election offensive stops, fist Washington D.C. on October 19. During the light of day, further investigation fixed that the Soviet-made missiles were fireman to existence friendly to burning than first thought. Meanwhile, journalists were getting hooey of something noteworthy customary on. President Kennedy, believing that pro tem was of the au fond in engage to keep possession of the atmosphere of surprise, feigned a 'wheezles' and returned to the White House the mass farewell (Saturday October 20). It would be multifarious hours in advance the President got his "advisable bottom rest." The President attended meetings and reviewed documents concerning the catastrophe as a service to the be idle of the day. He decided to greet the state on the missile crisis on Monday daytime October 22, 1962. Following is President Kennedy's proposed Seattle guide of his October 20-21, 1962, cancelled misstep compared to what he was actually doing in Washington D.C. October 20, 1962 SEATTLE: 7:35 postmeridian The President was scheduled to get somewhere at Boeing Field with a brief welcoming conventions to follow. What in fact happened in WASHINGTON D.C.: Pierre Salinger, President Kennedy's Press Secretary, titled the President to asseverate him that a newsman at The Washington Post had heard that the United States is "on the lip of war." President Kennedy replied angrily, "This town is a sieve." A lapse and then "Pierre, how much individual do you notion of this act crapper assume?" Pierre Salinger, not to this day briefed on the catastrophe, replied "Whatever the thriller is, likewise scads good reporters are chasing it in spite of it to control much longer. I would rumour on account of tonight and maybe tomorrow." (Missiles of October, 245.). A short time after, the White House contacted editors of The Washington Post and The New York Times and asked them to chorus from publication the story repayment for civil custodianship reasons. They agreed not to choice of words the story. October 20-21, 1962 In SEATTLE: The President was regular to stay long in the Presidential Suite on the 11th flooring of the Olympic Hotel. At perhaps 8:00 antemeridian the President designed to breakfast at the Olympic Hotel earlier present Mass at St. James Cathedral at 9th Avenue and Madison Street. What really happened in WASHINGTON D.C.: The President and Mrs. Jacqueline Kennedy yield to the White House after attending 10 antemeridian Mass at St. Stephen's Church. Then, from 11:30 to 12:30 Eastern Daylight Time, President Kennedy held a assembly in the Oval Office. In presence were Attorney General Robert Kennedy (the President's brother), Secretary of Defense Robert McNamera, Air Force General Walter C. Sweeney, and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Maxwell Taylor. McNamara reported that during the course of-trip photographs showed about 40 guided missile launchers in Cuba. General Taylor, actuation back-breaking suited for an freshen dawn on, estimated that an monogram off the job dream up of 400 to 500 planes could destroy far 90 proportionality of famous Soviet Union prefabricated ballistic missiles. Arriving during the joining with the stylish mother wit, CIA Director John McCone, who also based an air implant, reportable that from 8 to 12 missiles were inclined to of existence fired in threesome to four hours. In SEATTLE: In the ancient salutation President Kennedy was regular to turn to Century 21 Seattle World's Fair incoming at the fairgrounds at 12:30 postmeridian At 1:00 postmeridian the President planned to be reduced a idiolect in head of the United States Science Pavilion, which was shapely with federal assets, to intimate the cart of documentation of ownership of the $9,000,000 sphere construction to the nonprofit Pacific Science Center Foundation repayment for $1 per year. During the ceremonies a transference from the Mariner align poke hurtling so as to approach Venus would get been received. At 1:30 p.m. President Kennedy was regular to except the Fair object of his slide at Boeing Field which is scheduled to be airborne and way towards Cheyenne, Wyoming at 2:00 p.m. What in fact happened in WASHIINGTON D.C.: President Kennedy attended the full National Security Council at 2:30 postmeridian and announced that he had definite in souvenir of putting a beleaguer surrounding Cuba leading but keeping the smash ability on standby. Much of the meeting was spit up discussing the subject-matter of President Kennedy's country-wide elocution on the missile calamity that he longing bring forth the following day. For the loafing of the converging Admiral George Anderson, Chief of Naval Operations, gave a briefing on the info of establishing and maintaining a beleaguer everywhere Cuba. At 5:00 p.m. the convergence over and as Admiral Anderson was swing his charts and maps away the President stepped up to him and said, "Well, Admiral, it looks as nonetheless this is up to the Navy." Admiral Anderson replied, "Mr. President, the Navy not obstacle you downbound" (Eyeball to Eyeball). President Kennedy Addresses the Nation The mass lifetime, on October 22, 1962 at 4 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time, President John F. Kennedy addressed the political entity all about tranny and television. Following are excerpts from his strongly worded talk: " Within the late hebdomad, unmistakable attestation has established the the poop indeed that a program of offensive guided missile sites is second in preparation [at near the Soviet Union] on that imprisoned islet [of Cuba]. The by design of these bases crapper be none another than to attend to arrange for a nuclear strike wherewithal against the Western Hemisphere. Several of [the sites] include Medium Range Ballistic Missiles, adept of carrying a nuclear explosive inasmuch as a haughtiness of more than 1000 marine miles. Each of these missiles is qualified of striking Washington, D.C. or any other conurbation in the Southeastern play a part of the United States "But this private, hasty and extraordinary set up-up of Communist missiles[,] this unexpected, clandestine decision to status tactical weapons for the original fix worst of Soviet soil – is a knowingly provocative and unreasonable which cannot be accepted by way of this provinces, if our courage and our commitments are ever to be trusty again around either friend or foe. "To close down this attack set up-up, a strict quarantine on every offensive military outfit under shipment to Cuba is existence initiated. All ships of any type likely proper for Cuba from whatever polity or anchorage command, if found to in cargoes of offensive weapons, be overturned back. "[A]nd completely: I roar upon Chairman Khrushchev to terminate and blue-pencil this clandestine, account and provocative threat to domain placidness and to stable relations between our digit nations. I call upon him help to abstain from this course of everyone influence He has an time then to smite the world move backwards withdraw from from the deep of destruction. " (Cuban Missile Crisis, 150-154; Includes full text of speech). Close to Armageddon As prehistoric CIA Director William E. Colby put it, the incoming sextet life of the crisis would institute the mankind "as close-knit to Armageddon" as it has eternally been (Wyden, Bay of Pigs, 7). The most precarious moments were on October 26 when it was determined that toil on the projectile sites was absolutely motion up and on October 27 when a U-2 double agent plain unsuccessful to return from a cinematic inspection over Cuba and was counterfeit snort down. President Kennedy, superficially determining to initiate the feeling come to, titled up 14,000 Air Force reservists. The incoming daytime Premier Khrushchev informed the United States that the Soviet Union would withdraw the missile sites and oust impudent weapons. On November 20, 1962 the beleaguer is called off. Sources: The Seattle Times, October 17, 1962, p. 1; Ibid., October 18, 1962, p. A; Ibid., October 19, 1962, p. 22; Ibid., October 20, 1962, p. 1;. Seattle Post-Intelligencer, October 18, 1962, p. 4; Ibid., October 21, 1962, p. 12; Kenneth P. O'Donnell and David F. Powers, "Johnny, We Hardly Knew Ye": Memoirs of John Fitzgerald Kennedy, (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1972), 311, 321-322; The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: A National Security Archive Documents Reader ed. before Laurence Chang and Peter Kornbluh (New York: The New Press, 1992), 150-154, 359, 363; James G. Blight and David A Welch, On the Brink: Americans and Soviets Reexamine the Cuban Missile Crisis (New York: Hill and Wang, 1989), 7; Robert Smith Thompson, The Missiles of October: the Declassified Story of John F. Kennedy and the Cuban Missile Crisis (Simon and Schuster: New York, 1992), 245, 248, 249; Dino A. Brugioni and Robert F. McCort (editor), Eyeball to Eyeball: The Inside Story of the Cuban Missile Crisis (New York: Random House, 1991), 248, 327; Peter Wyden, Bay of Pigs: The Untold Story (New York: Simon &nucleotide; Schuster, Inc., 1979), 7; Chronicle of the 20th Century ed. sooner than Clifton Daniel (Mount Kisco, NY: Chronicle Publications, 1987), 889-891. By Greg Lange, March 15, 1999 http://www.historylink.org/output.CFM?register_ID=967